Variables asociadas a la salud física y mental percibida en estudiantes universitarios de Lima
Palabras clave:
afrontamiento, autoeficacia general, estudiantes universitarios, estrés percibido, salud mental y física
Resumen
El propósito de la presente investigación es analizar la asociación entre la salud física y mental percibida y las variables sociodemográficas, académicas y psicológicas en un grupo de 520 estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima. Para este propósito, se utilizó el cuestionario SF36, la escala de Autoeficacia General, la escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS) y el Cuestionario de Estimación de Afrontamiento (COPE 60). Los resultados indican que los hombres obtuvieron puntuaciones mayores en las dimensiones de salud física en comparación con las mujeres. Los alumnos que presentaron menores dificultades académicas obtuvieron mayores puntajes en las dimensiones de salud mental. Finalmente, el estrés percibido obtuvo correlaciones más fuertes con las dimensiones de salud física y mental percibida. Se espera que los resultados contribuyan con el desarrollo de los programas enfocados en la prevención y promoción de la salud de los estudiantes universitarios.
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Cassaretto, M., & Chau, C. (2016). Afrontamiento al estrés: adaptación del cuestionario COPE en universitarios de Lima. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica, 42(2), 95-109. doi: 10.21865/ RIDEP42_95
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Carver, C. S., Scheier, M., & Weintraub, J. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(2), 267-283.
Cassaretto, M., & Chau, C. (2016). Afrontamiento al estrés: adaptación del cuestionario COPE en universitarios de Lima. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica, 42(2), 95-109. doi: 10.21865/ RIDEP42_95
Cassaretto, M., Chau, C., Oblitas, H., & Valdez, N. (2003). Estrés y afrontamiento en estudiantes de psicología. Revista de Psicología de la PUCP, 21(2), 363-392.
Chao, R. C. (2011). Managing stress and maintaining well- being: social support, problem-focused coping, and avoidant coping. Journal of Counseling & Development, 89(3), 338-348.
Chau, C. (2004). Determinants of alcohol use among University students: the role of stress, coping and expectancies (Tesis de doctorado). Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Bélgica.
Chau, C., & Saravia, J. C. (2016). How does stress and university adjustment relate to mental and physical health in Peru? Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 8(1), 9-17. doi: 10.5460/jbhsi.v8.1.53089
Chau, C., & Tavera, M. (2012). Informe proyecto PUCP- Saludable. I. Diagnóstico situacional. Manuscrito inédito, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú.
Chau, C., & Van den Broucke, S. (2005). Consumo de alcohol y sus determinantes en estudiantes universitarios limeños: Estudio de focus group. Revista de Psicología de la PUCP, 23(2), 267-291.
Chau, C., & Vilela, P. (2016). Determinantes de la salud en estudiantes universitarios de Lima y Huánuco. En V. Concha (Ed.), VII Congreso Latinoamericano de Psicología de la Salud (ALAPSA) (p. 140). Cali, Colombia: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.
Chow, H. (2010). Prediciting academic success and psychological wellness in a simple of Candian undergraduate students. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 8(2), 473-496.
Chýlová, H., & Natovová, L. (2013). Stress, self-efficacy and well-being of the university students. Journal on Efficiency and Responsability in Education and Science, 6(3), 190-202. doi: 10.7160/eriesj.2013.060306
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396.
Córdova, E. C. (2015). Soporte social y sentido de coherencia en estudiantes universitarios (Tesis de licenciatura). Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima.
DeBerard, M. S., & Masters, K. S. (2014). Psychological correlates of the short-form-36 Multidimensional Health survey in University Students. Psychology, 5, 941-949.
Dirección de Asuntos Académicos. (2012). Las características de los ingresantes a la PUCP y su relación con el rendimiento. Lima: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
Dusselier, L., Dunn, B., Wang, Y., Shelley, M. C., & Whalen, D. F. (2005). Personal, health, academic, and environmental predictor of stress for residence hall students. Journal of American College Health, 54(1), 15-24.
El Ansari, W., Oskrochi, R., & Haghgoo, G. (2014). Are student ́s symptoms and health complaints associated with perceived stress at university? Perspectives from the United Kingdom and Egypt. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(10), 9981-10002. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111009981
Feldman, L., Goncalves, L., Chacón-Puignau, G., Zaragoza, J., Bagés, N., & Pablo, J. de (2008). Relaciones entre estrés académico, apoyo social y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios venezolanos. Universitas Psychologica 7(3), 739-751.
Fincham, S. M., Roomaney, R., & Kagee, A. (2015). The relationship between worldview, self-efficacy, psychological distress, and a health promoting lifestyle among a South African undergraduate university simple. South African Journal of Psychology, 45(4), 508-520. doi:10.1177/ 0081246315585935
Gallagher, R. (2014). National survey of counseling center directors. [Online]. Recuperado de: http://d- scholarship.pitt.edu/28178/1/survey_2014.pdf
Grav, S., Hellzen, O., Romild, U., & Stordal, E. (2012). Association between social support and depression in the general population: the HUNT study, a cross- sectional survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(1- 2), 111-120. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03868.x
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Hernández, R., Fernández, C., & Baptista, P. (2006). Metodología de la investigación (4.a ed.). México, D. F.: McGraw-Hill.
Hirsch, J. D., Hang Do, A., Hollebach, K. A., Manoguerra, A. S., & Adler, D. S. (2009). Student ́s health-related quality of life across the Preclinical Pharmacy Curriculum. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 73(8), 147. Recovered from https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2828308/pdf/ ajpe147.pdf
Holm-Hadulla, R. M., & Koutsoukou-Argyraki, A. (2015). Mental health of students in a globalized world: prevalence of complaints and disorders, methods and effectivity of counseling, structure of mental health services for students. Mental Health & Prevention, 3(1-2), 1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mhp.2015.04.003.
Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: The Guilford Press.
Kogan, L. (2008). Estudios sobre sexo/género y cuerpo en el Perú. Espacio Abierto Cuaderno Venezolano de Sociología, 17(2), 185-299.
Latas, M., Stojkovic, T., Ralic, T., Jovanovic, S., Spiric, Z., & Milovanovic, S. (2014). Medical student ́s health related quality of life-A comparative study. Vojnosanitetski Pregled, 71(8), 751-756. doi: 10.2298/ VSP1408751L
Lauderdale, M. E., Yli-Piipari, S., Irwin, C. C., & Layne, T. E. (2015). Gender differences regarding motivation for physical activity among college students: a self- determination approach. Physical Educator, 72, 153-172.
Lester, D. (2014). College student stressors, depression, and suicidal ideation. Psychological Reports, 114(1), 293-296. doi: 10.2466/12.02.PR0.114k10w7
Lipson, S. K., Gaddis, S. M., Heinze, J., Beck, K., & Eisenber, D. (2015). Variations in student mental health and treatment utilization across US colleges and universities. Journal of American College Health, 63(6), 388-396. doi: 10.1080/0744848.2015.1040411
Maddux, J., Brawley, L., & Boykin, A. (1995). Self-efficacy and healthy behavior. Prevention, promotion and detection. In J. E. Maddux (Ed.), Self-efficacy, adaptation, ad adjustment. Theory, research, and application (pp. 173-202). New York: Plenum Press.
Martínez, P., & Morote, R. (2001). Preocupaciones de adolescentes de Lima y sus estilos de afrontamiento. Revista de Psicología de la PUCP, 19(2), 212-236.
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Publicado
2017-06-14
Cómo citar
Chau, C., & Vilela, P. (2017, junio 14). Variables asociadas a la salud física y mental percibida en estudiantes universitarios de Lima. LIBERABIT. Revista Peruana De Psicología, 23(1), 89 - 102. Recuperado a partir de http://ojs3.revistaliberabit.com/index.php/Liberabit/article/view/51
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