Efecto moderador del sexo en la relación a la personalidad y el bienestar psicológico en estudiantes universitarios

  • Sebastián Urquijo Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
  • María Laura Andrés Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
  • Macarena del Valle Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
  • Raquel Rodríguez-Carvajal Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España
Palabras clave: Personalidad, sexo, bienestar psicológico, estudiantes universitarios

Resumen

El bienestar psicológico (BP) es un indicador de calidad de vida a nivel individual y colectivo. La población universitaria es vulnerable a bajos niveles de BP. El sexo y los rasgos de personalidad afectan el BP. Profundizar en el conocimiento de estos factores sería de valor para el desarrollo de intervenciones acordes con las necesidades específicas de los universitarios. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar la capacidad predictiva del sexo y de los rasgos de personalidad sobre las dimensiones del BP y analizar si el sexo posee un efecto moderador en relación a la personalidad y el BP. Se evaluaron 407 estudiantes universitarios mediante cuestionarios de autoinforme. El sexo resultó un predictor significativo para autonomía y crecimiento personal. Los rasgos de personalidad mostraron capacidad predictiva sobre las dimensiones de BP: extraversión, neuroticismo y conciencia sobre autoaceptación y dominio del entorno; extraversión y agradabilidad sobre relaciones positivas; extraversión, neuroticismo y apertura a la experiencia sobre autonomía; conciencia, agradabilidad y apertura a la experiencia sobre crecimiento personal y los cinco rasgos sobre propósito en la vida. El sexo presentó un efecto moderador para la relación del rasgo conciencia con la dimensión crecimiento personal. Los rasgos de personalidad se asociaron con las dimensiones de BP siguiendo en su mayoría los perfiles de relaciones hipotetizados por la literatura. Este trabajo profundiza en el conocimiento de los factores que influyen sobre el BP. Se espera que contribuya a desarrollar intervenciones destinadas a mejorar la calidad de vida de este grupo poblacional.

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Publicado
2015-12-10
Sección
Artículos de investigación