Understanding Supports and Barriers in Women’s Careers: A Literature Review

Luana de Souza Barros; Deniel Gomes Frutuoso; Victor Gabriel dos Santos Tomaz; Sônia Maria Guedes Gondim; Ligia Carolina Oliveira-Silva

Luana de Souza Barros Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-4655
Deniel Gomes Frutuoso Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-8024
Victor Gabriel dos Santos Tomaz Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Science and Literature, University of São Paulo, Brazil. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-8500
Sônia Maria Guedes Gondim Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3482-166X
Ligia Carolina Oliveira-Silva Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7487-9420

Palabras clave: mujeres, carrera, apoyo, barreras

Resumen

Antecedentes: la persistente cuestión de la discriminación de género en los sitios de trabajo es una preocupación significativa. Las mujeres siguen enfrentando numerosas barreras y los sistemas de apoyo son cruciales para el desarrollo profesional de las mujeres. Por lo tanto, conocer sobre los apoyos y barreras de forma más amplia puede impactar positivamente las mujeres. Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo fue identificar las barreras y apoyos que impactan el desarrollo profesional de las mujeres. Método: fue utilizada una revisión integradora de la literatura que seleccionó 34 estudios. Se utilizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura con búsquedas en dos bases de datos, Web of Science y Scopus, considerando el período de 2013 a 2022 y se seleccionaron 34 estudios. Resultados: los resultados indican que los estudios abordan más barreras que apoyos. Las barreras están más asociadas con la discriminación de género, los conflictos entre el trabajo y la familia, las autopercepciones distorsionadas, la falta de apoyo organizacional, la experiencia profesional negativa y las normas sociales y culturales. Los apoyos se relacionan a la ayuda de otras personas significativas, las estrategias de apoyo organizacional, la experiencia y habilidades profesionales y las estrategias individuales. Conclusión: la revisión proporciona contribuciones para apoyar intervenciones y políticas públicas que favorezcan la igualdad de género, además de ayudar a las organizaciones a revisar las prácticas de recursos humanos para dar más apoyo a las carreras de las mujeres.

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Biografía del autor

Luana de Souza Barros, Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil.

Graduated in Psychology from the Universidade Federal Fluminense and master’s student in the Postgraduate Psychology Program at the Federal University of Uberlândia. She is interested in gender, career, and organizational behavior.

Deniel Gomes Frutuoso, Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil.

Master’s student in Organizational and Work Psychology at the Federal University of Uberlândia and Psychologist graduated from the same institution. Areas of interest involve social psychology, psychological assessment, personality, adaptation of psychometric instruments, career and gender in the workplace, and barriers and support in career development.

Victor Gabriel dos Santos Tomaz, Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Science and Literature, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Psychologist graduated from the Federal University of Uberlândia. He is currently a master’s student in the postgraduate program at the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at the University of São Paulo in Ribeirão Preto-SP. His research focus is on the themes of employability, self-efficacy, and career. He is also interested in areas such as Implicit Attitudes and Social-Cognitive Psychology and gender issues.

Sônia Maria Guedes Gondim, Postgraduate Program in Psychology, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.

Visiting professor at the Federal University of Uberlândia (2022-2024). Retired professor at the Institute of Psychology at the Federal University of Bahia. Psychologist and master in Social Psychology from Gama Filho University (R.J.). PhD in Psychology from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. She undertook postdoctoral studies at the Complutense University of Madrid and Magdalene College of the University of Cambridge. Coordinator of the CNPq Advisory Subcommittee (2023-2024). Works in the Postgraduate Program at the UFBA Psychology Institute. Main research interests are emotions and work, emotional regulation, emotional work, socio-emotional skills, professional skills, professional identity, qualitative methods, especially focus groups.

Ligia Carolina Oliveira-Silva, Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil.

Professor at the Instituto de Psicologia and Graduate Program in Psychology at the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia-MG, Brazil, and a Research Fellow at the Global Institute for Women’s Leadership at the Australian National University, Canberra-ACT, Australia.

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